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@article{206612,
        author = {IRFAN AFZAL PARRAH},
        title = {Debating Pluralism in the 21st Century: Western and Indian Perspectives},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {13},
        number = {2},
        pages = {2309-2314},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=206612},
        abstract = {The primary objective of this paper is to fathom the distinct methodologies and frameworks through which the profound question of pluralism or debates on Self and Other have been addressed by Western and Indian Knowledge Systems. The paper will seek a creative and critical analysis of themes and approaches that have shaped the debates on pluralism in the aforementioned knowledge systems. It must be noted that Western and Orientalist representations of pluralism have shaped the debates in academia for centuries now. The paper will eventually argue that contemporary experience reveals that Western frameworks and approaches to the idea of pluralism have proved insufficient and inadequate and therefore need an alternative. The failure of Western approaches to pluralism primarily lie in the ongoing violence in the world and the increasing conflicts in the incumbent century. The paper will further evaluate the creative potential of the Indian Knowledge System as represented by Gandhi and poetry in Kashmir to evacuate human beings from contemporary suffering and violence.},
        keywords = {PLURALISM, INDIAN KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM, WESTERN PHILOSOPHY, GHANDHI, POETRY, ETHICS.},
        month = {July},
        }