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@article{209495,
        author = {Deepak Sharma},
        title = {Multi-Level Adaptive Energy Coordination (MAEC)},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {13},
        number = {5},
        pages = {1854-1870},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=209495},
        abstract = {Renewable-dominant electricity systems must coordinate a rapidly growing number of small, distributed resources (rooftop solar, batteries, electric vehicles, smart air conditioners, irrigation pumps and thermal loads) with distribution networks and the bulk power system. In India, installed renewable capacity reached about 288.58 GW by 30 June 2026, rooftop solar has been installed on more than five million homes under PM Surya Ghar, and over eleven lakh standalone solar pumps have been deployed under PM-KUSUM. These developments create a coordination problem that spans timescales from sub-second frequency response to multi-year investment, and spatial scales from a single device to the national grid. Existing approaches, including microgrids, demand response, virtual power plants, transactive energy and hierarchical control, each address parts of this problem. This white paper proposes Multi-Level Adaptive Energy Coordination (MAEC), a five-layer architecture (device, building, community hub, distribution network and state, region and nation) connected by shared decision logic. It identifies three candidate mechanisms that may extend existing work: (M1) cross-layer value allocation that pays a resource for each distinct service it provides without double counting; (M2) reliability guardrails exchanged between adjacent layers so that no layer's optimisation violates another layer's security limits; and (M3) adaptive, tiered commitments (firm, likely, possible) that can be revised in an orderly way as forecasts and network conditions change. The paper gives a mathematical formulation with a consequence-weighted cost of unserved energy, a distributed solution approach, an Indian case-study design, two established baselines, eight evaluation metrics, a stress-scenario set and an ablation protocol that attributes any improvement to coordination rather than to additional resources. No empirical results are reported. The contribution of this document is a precisely stated, falsifiable research design and a preliminary novelty assessment intended to guide simulation, pilot testing and peer review.},
        keywords = {Distributed energy resources; hierarchical coordination; transactive energy; virtual power plants; demand flexibility; value allocation; Shapley value; reliability; resilience; distribution networks; India.},
        month = {October},
        }