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@article{208563,
        author = {CHIRAG PATEL MR and PRIYANKA RAJ G},
        title = {FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF TRANSDERMAL PRONIOSOMAL GEL CONTAINING VILDAGLIPTIN FOR ENHANCED ANTI DIABETIC THERAPY THROUGH SUSTAINED DRUG RELEASE},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {13},
        number = {4},
        pages = {2017-2029},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=208563},
        abstract = {Vildagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor widely used in the management of Type II diabetes mellitus. However, its short biological half-life necessitates frequent dosing, which may reduce patient compliance. Proniosomal gel systems offer a promising vesicular drug delivery approach capable of improving drug stability and providing sustained drug release.
Objective: The present study aimed to formulate and evaluate a proniosomal gel of Vildagliptin to achieve controlled drug release and enhance its therapeutic performance.
Methods: Vildagliptin proniosomal gels were prepared using the coacervation phase separation method with Span 40, Span 60, soya lecithin, cholesterol, and ethanol. Eight formulations (F1–F8) were developed by varying the concentrations of non-ionic surfactants. Preformulation studies, including melting point determination, solubility analysis, UV spectroscopy, and FTIR compatibility studies, were performed. The prepared formulations were evaluated for vesicle size, drug content, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release. Release kinetics were analyzed using various mathematical models.
Results: FTIR studies confirmed the compatibility of Vildagliptin with the selected excipients. Vesicle size analysis demonstrated uniform vesicle formation predominantly within the 20–40 µm range. Entrapment efficiency ranged from 86.07% to 92.29%, while drug content varied between 88.48% and 94.24%. Formulation F8 exhibited the highest drug content (94.24%) and entrapment efficiency (92.29%) along with sustained drug release, showing 67.84% cumulative drug release after 8 hours. Drug release from the optimized formulation best fitted the Korsmeyer–Peppas model, indicating a diffusion-controlled release mechanism.
Conclusion: The developed Vildagliptin proniosomal gel demonstrated satisfactory physicochemical characteristics, high drug entrapment, and sustained drug release. The optimized formulation (F8) showed promising in vitro performance and may serve as a potential controlled-release delivery system for improving the therapeutic efficacy of Vildagliptin. Further in vivo studies are recommended to establish its clinical applicability.},
        keywords = {Vildagliptin, Proniosomal gel, Vesicular drug delivery, Entrapment efficiency, Sustained release, DPP-4 inhibitor, Controlled drug delivery.},
        month = {September},
        }