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@article{210077,
        author = {ABDUL SATTAR, MOHAMMED},
        title = {UNIVERSAL ELECTRONIC UNIQUE ID FOR SEAMLESS TRAVEL AND DIGITAL SERVICES: CONCEPT, IMPLEMENTATION, RISKS, AND MITIGATIONS},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {13},
        number = {5},
        pages = {4412-4418},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=210077},
        abstract = {Universal digital identity systems are emerging worldwide, but they are fragmented by country, sector, and technology. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for a Universal Electronic Unique ID (UE-UID)—a globally interoperable identity credential initially deployed for air and rail travelers, and later extended to broader use such as ticketing and financial services. The UE-UID is envisioned as a single, cryptographically secured identifier linked to a person’s passport, national ID, social security number, and biometric templates (face, fingerprints, iris). It would enable streamlined booking, eligibility checks, and end-to-end biometric boarding while eliminating repeated biometric collection for each visa or ticket purchase.
We synthesize lessons from national digital ID programs (India’s Aadhaar, EU’s eID, Brazil’s CIN), digital identity legal frameworks, and biometric privacy literature to identify key risks: surveillance, exclusion, data breaches, function creep, and irreversible biometric compromise. We then outline a privacy-by-design architecture using decentralized storage, strong cryptography, consent-based data sharing with embassies, and explicit human rights safeguards. The paper contributes (1) a structured concept for UE-UID, (2) an implementation roadmap focusing on airports and train stations as early adopters, and (3) a risk mitigation strategy grounded in international best practice and human rights law.},
        keywords = {universal unique ID, digital identity, biometrics, privacy, air travel, rail travel, Visa Information System, Aadhaar, GDPR •	Universal Electronic Unique ID (UE-UID) •	Digital identity systems •	Biometric authentication •	Privacy and data protection •	Air and rail travel •	Visa and immigration},
        month = {October},
        }