| Antioxidants, Nutraceuticals, Hesperidin, Flavonoids, Citrus fruits, Secondary metabolites, Biosynthesis, Extraction, Analysis, Biological properties. |
| Nutraceuticals, defined as substances providing medical or health benefits through food or supplements, have gained significance in promoting well-being. This paper explores the nutraceutical potential of hesperidin, a flavonoid abundant in citrus fruits. The classification of nutraceuticals, based on function and bioactive components, includes vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and antioxidants, with hesperidin falling under the flavonoid category. Secondary metabolites, derived from plant biosynthetic reactions, play a crucial role in plant structure and function. Hesperidin, a secondary metabolite, is synthesized through the shikimic acid pathway and classified under flavonoids. Its isolation from citrus fruits involves conventional and modern methods, such as maceration and high-pressure extraction. The chemical properties of hesperidin, including its molecular formula, solubility, and toxicity, etc... are discussed. Analytical techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometry, are employed for its identification and separation. The extraction process and yield are influenced by factors like solvent choice and extraction method. Hesperidin's nutraceutical uses encompass potential benefits in cardiovascular health, anti-inflammatory effects, and neuroprotection. Studies suggest its efficacy in conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, further research is required to establish its wider therapeutic applications definitively. In conclusion, hesperidin emerges as a promising nutraceutical with potential health benefits. Its extraction, analysis, and biological properties contribute to understanding its role in promoting well-being. The multifaceted applications of hesperidin make it a valuable compound, yet ongoing research is essential to substantiate its applications further. |
