Copyright © 2025 Authors retain the copyright of this article. This article is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

@article{167822,
        author = {Nidhi Sahu and P. P. Bansod and R. C. Gurjar},
        title = {INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER FOR PACEMAKER  USING 180nm CMOS TECHNOLOGY},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2024},
        volume = {11},
        number = {4},
        pages = {561-565},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=167822},
        abstract = {An instrumentation amplifier is an essential component in a pacemaker, designed to amplify and filter the heart's weak electrical signals, typically in the frequency range of 0.05 Hz to 50 Hz. The proposed circuit was developed using 180nm CMOS technology and was simulated with Cadence Virtuoso software. The amplifier achieved a gain of over 150 dB, a gain bandwidth (GBW) of 13.115 kHz, a phase margin of 183°, and a common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of 100 dB, along with other performance parameters that meet the required specifications.},
        keywords = {Pacemaker, Instrumentation Amplifier, Differential Amplifier, Gain, CMRR, Gain Bandwidth.},
        month = {September},
        }