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@article{183377,
        author = {Sandip S Nandre and Chandrshekhar B Patil and Atul A. Patil},
        title = {Direct Preparation of Cyclic Imides from Amines and Carboxylic Anhydrides by Niobium (V) Oxide act as a Water-Tolerant Lewis Acid Catalyst},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {12},
        number = {3},
        pages = {1184-1189},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=183377},
        abstract = {In the 20 different types of homogenous and heterogeneous catalysts screened, niobium (v) oxide (Nb2O5) showed the highest activity for the preparation of N-phenyl succinimide by dehydrative condensation of aniline and succinic anhydride. Niobium (v) oxide (Nb2O5) was mainly used in the direct imidation of a broad range of carboxylic anhydrides with amines with different type of functional groups and could be re-used. Kinetic studies showed that the Lewis acid such as niobium (v) oxide (Nb2O5) catalyst was more water tolerant than both the Lewis acidic oxide like TiO2 and the homogeneous Lewis acid such as Zirconium (IV) Chloride (ZrCl4), which resulted in higher yields of imides through the use of niobium (v) oxide (Nb2O5).},
        keywords = {Amination, ·Iimidation, Lewis acids, Niobium (v) oxide.},
        month = {August},
        }