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@article{201531,
        author = {TALAT SOUDAGAR},
        title = {A STUDY ON ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING PRACTICES IN SELECTED INDIAN COMPANIES},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {12},
        pages = {5035-5047},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=201531},
        abstract = {The present study analyses environmental accounting practices in selected Indian companies with reference to three objectives: examining the extent of adoption, comparing environmental disclosure patterns, and evaluating the relationship between environmental accounting practices and corporate performance. The study adopts a descriptive and analytical research design using secondary data collected from annual reports, sustainability reports, and Business Responsibility and Sustainability Reports (BRSR) of 20 companies for the period 2016–2025. Statistical tools such as percentage analysis, trend analysis, correlation, and ANOVA have been applied for data analysis.
The findings reveal a significant improvement in the adoption of environmental accounting practices, increasing from 40% in 2016 to 95% in 2025. The average disclosure score rose from 42 to 89, indicating enhanced reporting quality. Sector-wise analysis shows that energy, manufacturing, and FMCG sectors exhibit very high disclosure levels, while infrastructure, automobile, and IT sectors show relatively high but comparatively lower levels. Component-wise results indicate that 100% of companies disclose carbon emissions, water usage, and energy consumption, while 90% report waste management and 80% adopt ESG/BRSR frameworks.
The study further establishes a strong positive relationship between environmental accounting practices and corporate performance. Correlation results show significant associations between disclosure scores and Return on Assets (r = 0.72) and profit growth (r = 0.76). Companies with very high adoption levels recorded higher average ROA (15.1%) and profit growth (14.0%). Hypothesis testing confirms significant differences across companies and industries (F = 4.28 and 5.16, p < 0.05) and a positive relationship with performance (r = 0.74, p = 0.001).
Based on the findings, the study suggests the need for standardized reporting frameworks, improved regulatory enforcement, and greater integration of environmental accounting into strategic decision-making. The study concludes that environmental accounting practices have significantly evolved in India and play a crucial role in enhancing corporate sustainability and financial performance.},
        keywords = {Sustainability Reporting, Corporate Performance, Environmental Disclosure.},
        month = {May},
        }