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@article{203447,
        author = {Aditya Rajaram Raut and Suyash Rajendra Palwe and Siddesh Dharmendra Jagtap and Asst.Prof. Nilesh Wadkar},
        title = {Evaluation of Antibacterial & Antimicrobial activity of Nerium Oleander Leaf Extract},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {12},
        number = {12},
        pages = {12135-12147},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=203447},
        abstract = {The study explores the antibacterial and antimicrobial potential of Nerium oleander leaf extract, a traditionally recognized medicinal plant. Phytochemicals were extracted using ethanol, with preliminary analysis confirming the presence of bioactive compounds. Antimicrobial activity was tested against bacteria’s presents on floor using the agar well diffusion method, showing significant zones of inhibition. 
The extract demonstrated moderate efficacy compared to standard antibiotics like Azithromycin, with a measured zone of inhibition of 4.52 cm². 
Despite its potential as a natural antimicrobial agent for herbal product development (e.g., sprays, disinfectants), the plant’s known toxicity due to cardiac glycosides (e.g., oleandrin, oleandrigenin) necessitates further research on dosage standardization and safety. The study highlights Nerium oleander’s promise as an alternative antimicrobial source, especially in regions with limited access to synthetic antibiotics, while emphasizing the need for toxicity and cytotoxicity evaluations.},
        keywords = {Nerium oleander, antimicrobial activity, antibacterial, phytochemicals, herbal medicine},
        month = {May},
        }