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@article{209098,
        author = {Laju S S and Fathima Thaseefa A M and Muthusankavi and Sallet Asmi A and Menaka T},
        title = {Smart sensor – based wearable for blind people},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2026},
        volume = {13},
        number = {5},
        pages = {844-849},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=209098},
        abstract = {Independent mobility remains a major challenge for visually impaired individuals, whether on a busy road or inside a house. Conventional aids like the white cane can only detect the presence of an obstacle in close proximity but fail to identify the object type and its precise distance. To overcome these limitations, we have proposed a low-cost and lightweight smart wearable system designed in the form of smart glasses/cap. The system employs multiple ultrasonic sensors for multi-directional obstacle detection and an integrated camera module for environmental perception. The ESP32 microcontroller acts as the central processing unit. Furthermore, AI-based functionalities such as object detection and text recognition are incorporated, enabling the device to provide real-time voice feedback like "chair ahead" or "person approaching" through an earphone. A vibration alert is triggered when an obstacle is too close. To ensure user safety, GPS and GSM modules are integrated for live location tracking and SOS emergency alert to family members. Powered by a rechargeable battery, the system is cost-effective, portable, and suitable for both indoor and outdoor navigation. Testing results demonstrate accurate obstacle detection with quick voice response, thereby enhancing the confidence and independence of blind people without relying on others. [5]},
        keywords = {Assistive Technology, Internet of Things (IoT), Sensor Fusion, Ultrasonic Sensor, Visually Impaired, Wearable Device.},
        month = {October},
        }