Copyright © 2025 Authors retain the copyright of this article. This article is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

@article{143746,
        author = {Priya P and Kuppusamy N K},
        title = {Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks – Survey},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {},
        volume = {3},
        number = {1},
        pages = {159-163},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=143746},
        abstract = {Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of small nodes with sensing,computation,and wireless communications capabilities.Many routing,power management, and data dissemination protocols have been specifically designedfor WSNs where energy awareness is an essential designissue.Thefocus,however, has been given to the routing protocols which might differ depending on the application and network architecture.In this paper, we present a survey of the state-of-the-art routing techniques in WSNs.This paper begins with the challenges and requirements inthe design of WMSN routing, followed by an exhaustive survey on routing fromthe perspective of application requirements and key techniques. We study the design tradeoffs between energy and communication overhead savings in every routing paradigm. We also highlight the merits and limitations of each routing technique. We will discuss the open research issues in routing metrics and several potential research areas regarding routing in emerging WMSN application scenarios},
        keywords = {Routing protocols, Wireless sensor network, Technical challenges, Design principles},
        month = {},
        }