Copyright © 2025 Authors retain the copyright of this article. This article is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

@article{169793,
        author = {Daniel Santos Borlon},
        title = {Effects of Industrial Wastes on the Engineering Properties of Heavy Metal Contaminated Expansive Soil},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2024},
        volume = {11},
        number = {6},
        pages = {3889-3899},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=169793},
        abstract = {The engineering properties of expansive soil are problematic because of the high shrink-swell (volume change) attributes caused by the presence of clay minerals. These properties further deteriorate when expansive soils are contaminated with heavy metals. However, heavy metal-contaminated soil can be improved by using stabilization/solidification techniques in order to make it suitable for engineering works. In recent times, lime and cement have been replaced by low-cost and environmentally friendly industrial wastes. In this study, laboratory experiments was performed to determine the effect of lead (Pb) concentration on the engineering properties of expansive soil as well as the effect of different percentages (0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12%) of fly ash and sugarcane bagasse ash on the contaminated soil. The results show that the atterberg limits and UCS decrease with increasing Pb concentrations. The natural expansive soil with a liquid limit of 76.2% was decreased to 66.2%, 60%, and 57.3% upon the addition of 500 mg, 1000 mg, and 1500 mg of Pb solution, respectively. Additionally, the initial plastic limit of 53.3% was decreased to 40%, 34.5%, and 29.7% when contaminated with 500 mg, 1000 mg, and 1500 mg of Pb solution, respectively. Moreover, the addition of fly ash and sugarcane bagasse ash also decreases the atterberg limits but increases the unconfined compressive strength with curing until the optimum levels were reached. The highest UCS value (1745 kg/cm2) was obtained at day 28 for 500 mg Pb + 6% fly ash, while the lowest UCS value (218 kg/cm2) was obtained at 1500 mg Pb + 12% sugarcane bagasse ash after 3 days of curing. The overall UCS results show clearly that fly ash has superior strength to that of sugarcane bagasse ash.},
        keywords = {Atterberg limit, Expansive soil, Heavy metals, Industrial wastes, Unconfined compressive strength},
        month = {December},
        }