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@article{181687,
        author = {DR. ABDUL KAREEM O C},
        title = {Direct Benefit Transfer Scheme in India: An Evaluation of its Efficacy Up to the COVID-19 Pandemic},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {8},
        number = {10},
        pages = {4973-4976},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=181687},
        abstract = {This paper assesses the effectiveness of India’s Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) system from its launch in January 2013 through the end of the COVID-19 pandemic (mid-2021). It examines the DBT framework, anchored in the JAM (Jan Dhan–Aadhaar–Mobile) trinity, and analyzes its impact on reducing leakages, enhancing beneficiary targeting, and enabling timely delivery of relief during emergencies. Drawing on empirical research, the paper highlights significant fiscal savings, increased coverage, and the scheme’s critical role in crisis response, particularly during the pandemic. Supported by data on transaction volumes, beneficiary outreach, cost savings, and food security outcomes, the analysis shows that while DBT has emerged as a cornerstone of India’s welfare delivery system, challenges in last-mile implementation persist.  The paper concludes that DBT has been a transformative tool in India’s welfare architecture, though implementation challenges remain at the last mile},
        keywords = {Direct Benefit Transfer, JAM, digital divide, financial inclusion, financial literacy},
        month = {June},
        }