The proposed approach, characterized by both quantitative and qualitative criteria, is simple but very effective in simultaneously reducing the seismic damage, amount of FRP to be used, and time of installation. For the considered cases of low- and mid-rise no ductile building structures, the FRP amount reduced approximately by approx. compared to the cases in which FRP was evenly distributed, leading to lower installation cost and less interruption time. Interestingly, although predictive FRP was saved, the damage indices of the FRP retrofitted frames were significantly lower than those in cases of even FRP distribution because FRP effectively served for critical locations. Due to its simplicity and technical/economical effectiveness, the proposed FRP retrofitting approach can be useful for engineering practice.
In the last few decades, premature deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) structures has become a serious problem because of severe environmental actions, overloading, design faults, and materials deficiencies. Therefore, repair and strengthening of RC elements in existing structures are very important to extend their service life. There are numerous methods for retrofitting and strengthening of RC structural components such as; steel plate bonding, external pre-stressing, section enlargement, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) wrapping, and so on. Although these modifications can successfully improve the load-bearing capacity of the beams, but they are still prone to corrosion damage resulting in failure of the strengthened elements. Therefore, many researchers used cementitious materials due to their low-cost, corrosion resistance, and resulted in the improvement of the tensile and fatigue behaviors. Different types of cementitious materials such as; fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC), high performance concrete (HPC), high strength concrete (HSC), ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), steel fiber-reinforced high strength lightweight self-compacting concrete (SHLSCC), fabrics reinforced cementitious material (FRCM) and so on have been used to strengthen structural elements. This paper summarizes previously published research papers concerning the structural behaviors of RC beams strengthened by differe |