Microorganisms that grow in saltwater environments are an important source of bioactive compounds, and such environments are common throughout the world primarily in seas, coastal and deep-sea regions, alkaline lakes, soda deserts, and artificial salt pans. The hypersaline environment is the most characteristic extreme environment, including high salt, alkalinity and hypoxia, and is the most important physicochemical parameters affecting biodiversity. Many reports reveal the predominance of microorganisms, including actinomycetes, in a variety of high-salt environments such as salt lakes, oceans, sunbathing, salt water, and salt pans. Despite the importance of the physiological adaptation of these actinomycetes, they are the least explored, especially in the local and sub local regions of the world. Actinomycetes obtained from a high salt environment are metabolically very active and stable and have industrially important values such as antibiotics, anticancer agents, cytotoxicity, neurotoxicity, antifungal, antiviral and antitumor activity. With this background, this chapter describes diversity, properties, in vitro culture methods, biological activity, and potential uses for highly salted actinomycetes.
Article Details
Unique Paper ID: 153457
Publication Volume & Issue: Volume 8, Issue 7
Page(s): 267 - 274
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