Copyright © 2025 Authors retain the copyright of this article. This article is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

@article{171790,
        author = {Hemangi Jagdish Baviskar and Tanuja bharat patil and Vishal Ramrao Panchal and Sanket balabhau pathrikar and Ankita Dattatray Patil and Narendra Jijabarao Patil},
        title = {IMPACT OF ANTIBIOTICS ON HUMAN GUT MICROBIOTA: SHORT- AND LONG-TERM EFFECTS},
        journal = {International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology},
        year = {2025},
        volume = {11},
        number = {8},
        pages = {1100-1105},
        issn = {2349-6002},
        url = {https://ijirt.org/article?manuscript=171790},
        abstract = {Antibiotics are critical in combating bacterial infections but can significantly impact the human gut microbiota. This review explores the short- and long-term effects of antibiotic use on the microbial ecosystem of the gut. In the short term, antibiotics cause a rapid decline in bacterial diversity, disrupt the balance of commensal and pathogenic species, and may lead to overgrowth of opportunistic pathogens, such as Clostridioides difficile. Long-term effects include incomplete recovery of microbial diversity, lasting shifts in microbial composition, and potential links to chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disorders. The mechanisms underlying these disruptions include selective bacterial killing, altered metabolic pathways, and changes in gut immune interactions. Strategies for mitigating these effects, such as the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, are discussed. Understanding the complex interplay between antibiotics and gut microbiota is crucial for optimizing therapeutic interventions while preserving gut health.},
        keywords = {},
        month = {January},
        }